There are filters, and then there is reverse osmosis. If whole-house carbon filtration is the first line of defense against Tucson's chloramines and sediment, a reverse osmosis system is the precision solution for what's left: the dissolved solids, heavy metals, nitrates, and trace contaminants that pass right through standard filtration. Tucson households on CAP municipal water consistently test with elevated total dissolved solids (TDS).
Well water in areas like Marana, Vail, or Green Valley may contain arsenic, nitrates, and other naturally occurring contaminants that require membrane filtration to remove. Ram Plumbing, Inc. has been installing water treatment systems in Tucson since 1983. Call (520) 747-8089 or contact us online to schedule a water quality assessment.
What Reverse Osmosis Removes That Other Filters Cannot
This is the core reason homeowners choose RO: it removes contaminants that even a high-quality whole house carbon filter leaves behind.
Carbon filtration does a strong job against chloramines, chlorine, and organic compounds that affect taste and odor. What it does not remove are dissolved minerals, heavy metals, nitrates, fluoride, and very small particles that pass through the carbon medium.
Reverse osmosis uses a semi-permeable membrane with pores measuring approximately 0.0001 microns to force water through under pressure. The membrane allows water molecules through while rejecting dissolved solids and contaminants. The result is water that has been stripped down to near-pure quality.
Contaminants a properly maintained RO system removes include:
- Total dissolved solids (TDS): the mineral load responsible for that flat, heavy taste in Tucson water
- Arsenic: A naturally occurring concern in some Arizona well water
- Nitrates: A concern in agricultural areas and some outer-ring Tucson communities
- Lead: Can enter water through older plumbing and fixtures
- Fluoride: Removed by RO membrane; some homeowners prefer this, others add it back through remineralization.
- Heavy metals, including chromium, barium, and radium
- Bacteria and some viruses (in systems with UV or additional stages)
RO is the right choice when you want precision-level water quality for drinking and cooking, not just a reduction in taste and odor, but the removal of what's actually dissolved in the water.
How a Reverse Osmosis System Works
Most residential RO systems are installed under the kitchen sink, with a dedicated faucet that delivers filtered water for drinking and cooking. Some homeowners choose whole-home RO, though that is a larger and more complex installation that we evaluate case by case.
The Filtration Stages
A quality RO system runs water through multiple stages before it reaches your glass:
Sediment pre-filter: removes particles that could damage or clog the membrane. This stage is especially important in Tucson, where older distribution lines contribute sediment.
Carbon pre-filter: reduces chloramines and organic compounds before the membrane. This stage protects membrane life and addresses the taste and odor issues that would otherwise pass through.
Reverse osmosis membrane: the core stage. Water is forced through the semi-permeable membrane under pressure. Dissolved solids and contaminants are rejected and flushed to drain. Only purified water molecules pass through.
Post-filter (carbon polish): a final pass through carbon filtration before the water reaches your tap. This stage adds clarity and removes any residual taste from the storage tank.
The purified water is stored in a small pressurized tank under the sink until you open the dedicated RO faucet, providing clean water filtration right from your tap.
What to Know About RO Water Flow Rate and Waste Water
RO systems produce water more slowly than your standard tap. A typical residential unit fills a glass in about 60 seconds and processes water at a rate of 25 to 100 gallons per day, depending on the system. The storage tank under your sink holds a ready supply, so you're not waiting at the faucet.
RO also produces wastewater; for every gallon of purified water, the system flushes a volume of rejected, contaminant-concentrated water to the drain. Modern high-efficiency RO systems have significantly improved this ratio compared to older units. We'll explain the actual production rate and waste ratio for any system we recommend.

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